Oracle11g RAC维护及管理的常用操作都有哪些_好文资源

本篇文章给大家分享的是有关Oracle11g RAC维护及管理的常用操作都有哪些，小编觉得挺实用的，因此分享给大家学习，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获，话不多说，跟着小编一起来看看吧。

1. 查看各资源状态(nodeapps节点应用程序，ASM实例，数据库实例等)：[root@rac01 u01]# su – grid

[grid@rac01 ~开发云主机域名]$ crs_stat -t (命令兼容10g)

Name Type Target State Host

————————————————————

ora….ER.lsnr ora….er.type ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora….N1.lsnr ora….er.type ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora….VOTE.dg ora….up.type ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora.ORADATA.dg ora….up.type ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora….LASH.dg ora….up.type ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora.asm ora.asm.type ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora.eons ora.eons.type ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora.gsd ora.gsd.type OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora….network ora….rk.type ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora.oc4j ora.oc4j.type OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.ons ora.ons.type ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora….SM1.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora….01.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora.rac01.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.rac01.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora.rac01.vip ora….t1.type ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora….SM2.asm application ONLINE ONLINE rac02

ora….02.lsnr application ONLINE ONLINE rac02

ora.rac02.gsd application OFFLINE OFFLINE

ora.rac02.ons application ONLINE ONLINE rac02

ora.rac02.vip ora….t1.type ONLINE ONLINE rac02

ora.racdb.db ora….se.type ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora….ry.acfs ora….fs.type ONLINE ONLINE rac01

ora.scan1.vip ora….ip.type ONLINE ONLINE rac01

在11g R2中，默认 oc4j和gsd资源是 disable 的；oc4j 是用于WLM 的一个

资源,WLM在 11.2.0.2 才可用；gsd 是 CRS 用于跟 9iRAC进行通信的一

个模块,是为了向后兼容才保留的，不影响性能；建议不要刪除, 也不要尝试开

启他们, 忽略即可。11g RAC 常用的是下面的命令：crsctl stat resource -t .[root@rac01 u01]# su – grid

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crsctl stat resource -t如果后面不带 -t , 那么可以看到相对详细的资源信息。

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crsctl stat resource2. 常用开关机命令注意, 11g RAC 开启资源相对比较慢(即使命令后面显示的资源都start succeeded,

通过crs_stat -t查看都不一定online), 请注意命令操作后观察crs log变化,以免出

现还没有开启就怀疑启动有异常而采取重复动作。

以下命令供参考：

—————————————————

在本地服务器上停止Oracle Clusterware 系统：[root@rac01 ~]# /u01/grid/11.2.0/bin/crsctl stop cluster

注：在运行“crsctl stop cluster”命令之后，如果 Oracle Clusterware 管理的

资源中有任何一个还在运行，则整个命令失败。使用 -f 选项无条件地停止所有资源

并停止 Oracle Clusterware 系统。[root@rac02 ~]# /u01/grid/11.2.0/bin/crsctl stop cluster -all

停止所有节点上的clusterware系统。在本地服务器上启动oralce clusterware系统：

[root@rac01 ~]# /u01/grid/11.2.0/bin/crsctl start cluster注：可通过指定 -all 选项在集群中所有服务器上启动 Oracle Clusterware 系统。

[root@rac02 ~]# /u01/grid/11.2.0/bin/crsctl start cluster –all还可以通过列出服务器（各服务器之间以空格分隔）在集群中一个或多个指定的服务器上启动 Oracle Clusterware 系统：

[root@rac01 ~]# /u01/grid/11.2.0/bin/crsctl start cluster -n rac01 rac02使用 SRVCTL 启动/停止所有实例:[oracle@rac01 ~]# srvctl stop database -d racdb

[oracle@rac01 ~]# srvctl start database -d racdb

参考顺序关机顺序：先关闭Oracle实例(或数据库)，然后关闭ASM实例，最后关闭节点应用

程序(虚拟 IP、GSD、TNS 监听器和 ONS) .手工开机顺序：先启动节点应用程序(虚拟 IP、GSD、TNS 监听器和 ONS)。当成功

启动节点应用程序后，启动 ASM 实例。最后，启动 Oracle 实例（相关服务）以及

企业管理器数据库控制台。例子：关闭：在节点1上关闭所有节点的clusterware(如果有资源不能被关闭，使用-f).

[root@rac01 bin]# /u01/grid/11.2.0/bin/crsctl stop cluster -all节点1,2上都关闭后我们查看

[grid@rac02 rac02]$ crsctl stat resource -t

CRS-4535: Cannot communicate with Cluster Ready Services

CRS-4000: Command Status failed, or completed with errors.开启：

[root@rac01 bin]# /u01/grid/11.2.0/bin/crsctl start cluster -all

一般来说，开启上面一个命令就够用了，但是如果发现有异常，比如db等很长

时间都没有onine, 我们也可以手工开启数据库(任何一个节点执行)：

[root@rac02 ~]# /u01/grid/11.2.0/bin/srvctl start database -d racdb备注：

如果有需要也可以一个一个实例开启。

[root@rac02 ~]# /u01/grid/11.2.0/bin/srvctl start instance -d racdb -i racdb1

[root@rac02 ~]# /u01/grid/11.2.0/bin/srvctl start instance -d racdb -i racdb23. 常用建立表空间及加入数据文件

参考： http://space.itpub.net/?uid-7607759-action-viewspace-itemid-670722[root@rac01 bin]# su – oracle

[oracle@rac01 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL> create tablespace test datafile ‘+oradata/racdb/datafile/test01.dbf’ size 50m ;

Tablespace created.[root@rac02 ~]# su – grid

[g开发云主机域名rid@rac02 ~]$ asmcmd

ASMCMD>

ASMCMD> pwd

+oradata/racdb/datafile

ASMCMD>

ASMCMD> ls

SYSAUX.261.739387301

SYSTEM.260.739387283

TEST.340.740166807

UNDOTBS1.262.739387315

UNDOTBS2.264.739387351

USERS.265.739387361

test01.dbfSQL> alter tablespace test add datafile ‘+oradata/racdb/datafile/test02.dbf’ size 50m ;

Tablespace altered.SQL>ASMCMD> ls

SYSAUX.261.739387301

SYSTEM.260.739387283

TEST.340.740166807

TEST.341.740166937

UNDOTBS1.262.739387315

UNDOTBS2.264.739387351

USERS.265.739387361

test01.dbf

test02.dbf

ASMCMD>

ASMCMD> ls -al

Type Redund Striped Time Sys Name

DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JAN 11 17:00:00 Y none => SYSAUX.261.739387301

DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JAN 11 17:00:00 Y none => SYSTEM.260.739387283

DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JAN 11 17:00:00 Y +ORADATA/RACDB/DATAFILE/test01.dbf =>TEST.340.740166807

DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JAN 11 17:00:00 Y +ORADATA/RACDB/DATAFILE/test02.dbf =>TEST.341.740166937

DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JAN 11 17:00:00 Y none => UNDOTBS1.262.739387315

DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JAN 11 17:00:00 Y none => UNDOTBS2.264.739387351

DATAFILE UNPROT COARSE JAN 11 17:00:00 Y none => USERS.265.739387361

N test01.dbf =>+ORADATA/RACDB/DATAFILE/TEST.340.740166807

N test02.dbf =>+ORADATA/RACDB/DATAFILE/TEST.341.740166937

ASMCMD>4. 查看ASM实例及用户数据库实例(注意分别是grid及oracle用户)：

查看ASM实例(以grid用户登入,通过查看初始参数可以看到instance_name=+ASM1)：[grid@rac01 ~]$ id

uid=501(grid) gid=501(oinstall) groups=501(oinstall),504(asmadmin),506(asmdba),507(asmoper)

[grid@rac01 ~]$ sqlplus “/as sysdba”SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Jan 4 00:58:52 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 – Production

With the Real Application Clusters and Automatic Storage Management optionsSQL> show parameterNAME TYPE VALUE

———————————— ———– ——————————

asm_diskgroups string ORADATA, ORAFLASH

asm_diskstring string

asm_power_limit integer 1

asm_preferred_read_failure_groups string

audit_file_dest string /u01/grid/11.2.0/rdbms/audit

…..查看用户数据库实例(以oracle用户登入，查看instance_name=racdb2，显然是用户实例)：[root@rac02 u01]# su – oracle

[oracle@rac02 ~]$

[oracle@rac02 ~]$ sqlplus “/as sysdba”SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Jan 4 01:01:04 2011Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 – Production

With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP,

Data Mining and Real Application Testing optionsSQL> show parameterNAME TYPE VALUE

———————————— ———– ——————————

O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY boolean FALSE

active_instance_count integer

aq_tm_processes integer 0

archive_lag_target integer 0

asm_diskgroups string

asm_diskstring string

asm_power_limit integer 1

…….5. 查看11g 数据库实例的alert log及trace ：[oracle@rac01 trace]$ pwd

/u01/product/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb1/trace

[oracle@rac01 trace]$

[oracle@rac01 trace]$ vi alert_racdb1.log6. 查看11g RAC Clusterware的log ：[root@rac01 sbin]# su – grid

[grid@rac01 ~]$

[grid@rac01 rac01]$ pwd

/u01/grid/11.2.0/log/rac01

[grid@rac01 trace]$ pwd

/u01/grid/11.2.0/log/diag/tnslsnr/rac01/listener_scan1/trace

[grid@rac01 trace]$ ls

listener_scan1.log

[grid@rac01 rac01]$ pwd

/u01/grid/11.2.0/log/rac01

[grid@rac01 rac01]$ ls

admin/ alertrac01.log crsd/ ctssd/ evmd/ gnsd/ mdnsd/ racg/

agent/ client/ cssd/ diskmon/ gipcd/ gpnpd/ ohasd/ srvm/7. 常用集群命令

[grid@rac02 ~]$ crs_stat -t

检查Oracle Clusterware 是否在线[grid@rac02 ~]$ crsctl check crs

CRS-4638: Oracle High Availability Services is online

CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online

CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online

CRS-4533: Event Manager is online

检查cssd (Cluster Synchronization Services) 是否在线[grid@rac02 ~]$ crsctl check cssd

CRS-272: This command remains for backward compatibility only

Cluster Synchronization Services is online

检查crsd (Cluster Ready Services) 是否在线[grid@rac02 ~]$ crsctl check crsd

CRS-272: This command remains for backward compatibility only

Cluster Ready Services is online

检查evmd (Event Mananger)是否在线[grid@rac02 ~]$ crsctl check evmd

CRS-272: This command remains for backward compatibility only

Event Manager is online

在节点间检查CSS的存活[grid@rac02 ~]$ crsctl check cluster -n rac01

**************************************************************

rac01:

CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online

CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online

CRS-4533: Event Manager is online

**************************************************************[grid@rac02 ~]$ crsctl check cluster -n rac02

**************************************************************

rac02:

CRS-4537: Cluster Ready Services is online

CRS-4529: Cluster Synchronization Services is online

CRS-4533: Event Manager is online

**************************************************************

开启数据库[grid@rac02 ~]$ srvctl start database -d racdb开启oc4j :[grid@rac02 ~]$ ./srvctl enable oc4j

[grid@rac02 ~]$ ./srvctl start oc4j

[grid@rac02 ~]$ ./crs_stat -t

8. vote disk 管理[grid@rac01 ~]$ ocrcheck

Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :

Version : 3

Total space (kbytes) : 262120

Used space (kbytes) : 2720

Available space (kbytes) : 259400

ID : 132900461

Device/File Name : +OCR_VOTE

Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Cluster registry integrity check succeeded Logical corruption check bypassed due to non-privileged user

在Oracle11g R2中，不必备份voting disk, 当任何配置发生改变，voting disk

数据会自动备份在OCR中，并自动恢复到任何加入的voting disk中。从下面可以看

到OCR和VotingDisk是一个文件。

[grid@rac01 ~]$ crsctl query css votedisk

## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group

— —– —————– ——— ———

1. ONLINE 095112005ec24f57bf98f6148818cc53 (ORCL:OCR_VOTE01) [OCR_VOTE]

Located 1 voting disk(s).

[grid@rac01 ~]$

[grid@rac01 ~]$ asmcmd

ASMCMD> ls

OCR_VOTE/

ORADATA/

ORAFLASH/

ASMCMD> cd ocr_vote

ASMCMD> cd rac

ASMCMD> ls

ASMPARAMETERFILE/

OCRFILE/

ASMCMD> cd ocrfile

ASMCMD> ls

REGISTRY.255.739337635

OCR 管理[grid@rac01 ~]$ crsctl query crs activeversion

Oracle Clusterware active version o活动：慈云数据爆款香港服务器，CTG+CN2高速带宽、快速稳定、平均延迟10+ms 速度快，免备案，每月仅需19元！！点击查看n the cluster is [11.2.0.1.0]

[grid@rac01 ~]$ ocrcheck

Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows :

Version : 3

Total space (kbytes) : 262120

Used space (kbytes) : 2720

Available space (kbytes) : 259400

ID : 132900461

Device/File Name : +OCR_VOTE

Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Cluster registry integrity check succeeded Logical corruption check bypassed due to non-privileged user

使用下面命令(root登陆)使用 destination_file 或者 +ASM_disk_group取代现在的OCR Location:# ocrconfig -replace current_OCR_location -replacement new_OCR_location如果只有一个OCR Location, 那么使用下面的命令：

# ocrconfig -add +new_storage_disk_group

# ocrconfig -delete +current_disk_group

运行下面的命令显示备份：[grid@rac01 ~]$ ocrconfig -showbackup

rac01 2011/01/08 17:54:51 /u01/grid/11.2.0/cdata/rac/backup00.ocr

rac01 2011/01/08 13:54:49 /u01/grid/11.2.0/cdata/rac/backup01.ocr

rac02 2011/01/08 06:34:46 /u01/grid/11.2.0/cdata/rac/backup02.ocr

rac01 2011/01/07 02:15:37 /u01/grid/11.2.0/cdata/rac/day.ocr

rac01 2011/01/02 07:51:43 /u01/grid/11.2.0/cdata/rac/week.ocr

PROT-开发云主机域名25: Manual backups for the Oracle Cluster Registry are not available当Oracle Clusterware起来的时候，在一个节点上运行ocrconfig -manualbackup命令[grid@rac01 ~]$ ocrconfig -manualbackup

在 /u01/grid/11.2.0/cdata/rac/day.ocr下生成备份文件 backup_20100112_141900.ocr然后使用 $ ocrconfig -showbackup 可以查看到备份信息。运行下面的命令检验备份文件内容及完整性。

$ ocrdump -backupfile backup_file_name以上就是Oracle11g RAC维护及管理的常用操作都有哪些，小编相信有部分知识点可能是我们日常工作会见到或用到的。希望你能通过这篇文章学到更多知识。更多详情敬请关注开发云行业资讯频道。